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Conversion of biomass-derived monosaccharides to 2-methylfuran in supercritical acetone
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01910A, PaperQiufu Zeng, Chenyu Ge, Qianxin Sun, Xi Li, Changwei Hu
Supercritical acetone enables one-pot xylose-to-2-MF conversion via C–C cleavage/aldol condensation, achieving full carbon utilization.
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Pompieri e PFAS
Luigi Campanella, già Presidente SCI
La divisa di un vigile del fuoco è costituita da diversi strati per difendere il suo corpo dal fuoco contro cui dovrà combattere, dalle sostanze nocive con cui venissero a contatto, anche dai fumi. Di fatto resta esposto solo il viso che viene coperto da maschere filtranti solo se l’intervento lo richiede. Per essere efficaci e svolgere il loro ruolo protettivo, i completi anti-fiamma devono essere costruiti con materiali resistenti al fuoco, e quelli in dotazione al Corpo nazionale dei vigili del fuoco (C.N.VV.F) contengono il Politetrafluoroetilene (Ptfe), più conosciuto come Teflon, e altri Pfas, le sostanze perfluoralchiliche note soprattutto per essere responsabili di una delle più grandi contaminazioni ambientali italiane, avvenuta in provincia di Vicenza a opera dell’azienda Miteni e di patologie tumorali diverse. Negli Stati Uniti è stata dimostrata la correlazione tra l’esposizione ai Pfas tramite i Dpi e alcune malattie che colpiscono i pompieri, in Italia un’indagine epidemiologica
IrpiMedia ha fatto analizzare un giaccone anti-fiamma di un pompiere italiano e la concentrazione di Pfas rilevata induce a considerare opportune indagini più approfondite su tale indumento.
Il Teflon, fino a qualche anno fa conteneva Pfoa, un Pfas considerato cancerogeno e vietato dal 2013 a causa della sua pericolosità per l’uomo. È noto soprattutto per essere contenuto nelle padelle antiaderenti; si tratta di un composto che non fa propagare le fiamme, permette ai tessuti di resistere a temperature elevate, è idro e olio repellente, quindi ideale per le tute da intervento dei vigili del fuoco. Il prolungato tempo di indossamento delle tute antifiamma ed il calore dovuto alle alte temperature durante gli incendi potrebbero però aumentare la capacità del corpo umano di assorbire Pfas. IrpiMedia ha consultato diversi capitolati del Ministero dell’Interno, scoprendo che a partire dal 2010 è specificato che la membrana esterna al giaccone e al pantalone deve essere composta da Politetrafluoroetilene (Ptfe) a struttura microporosa espansa e che sulla parte interna delle cuciture esterne deve essere applicato un nastro Ptfe idoneo ad assicurare una perfetta aderenza». Alcuni pompieri hanno scoperto le loro patologie grazie ai controlli sanitari, emocromo, spirometria, misura della vista, elettrocardiogramma, consulto psicologico a cui devono sottoporsi ogni due anni. IrpiMedia ha inviato una giacca da pompiere italiano negli Stati Uniti al professor Graham Peaslee che per primo aveva studiato la correlazione causa effetto nel caso delle patologie riscontrate nei pompieri e che si era offerto di condurre l’analisi e la misurazione della quantità totale di fluoropolimeri presenti nel giaccone italiano. La sua risposta è stata: “i tessuti costruiti con fluoropolimeri presentano un valore di fluoro totale di circa 50.000 ppm (parti per milione) o superiore, ciò equivale a circa il 5% di fluoro sulla superficie. La barriera anti umidità interna dei dispositivi di protezione è in genere realizzata in Ptfe che, quando viene misurato, restituisce concentrazioni di fluoro totale superiori al 20-30%. I vostri ricambi italiani sembravano avere valori di fluoro totale identici a quelli misurati negli Stati Uniti e in Australia».
Secondo queste dichiarazioni, le tute italiane potrebbero quindi contenere diversi tipi di Pfas, come le tute statunitensi e australiane che, secondo Peaslee, possiedono una quantità di Pfoa pari a 2,18 ng/g. marzo 2024.
A seguito di ciò il Conapo, il sindacato autonomo dei Vigili del Fuoco e l’USB hanno richiesto al Ministro dell’Interno e a quello della Salute, studi sull’incidenza dei Pfas nel Corpo Nazionale dei Vigili del Fuoco e accertamenti sanitari sui vigili esposti a queste sostanze.
Il ministero dell’Interno ha dato la stessa risposta del 2021, ovvero che le analisi da loro visionate, realizzate da un laboratorio accreditato, hanno fornito “valori non significativi dal punto di vista della misura”. Per il Ministero, dunque, le tute utilizzate dai pompieri italiani, non presentano quantità pericolose di Pfas.
https://irpimedia.irpi.eu/tute-pompieri-italiani-pfas-tumori/
B(C6F5)3-catalysed cyclic carbonate editing
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01888A, CommunicationYicheng He, Krishnapriya Anattil Unnikrishnan, Wenhao Yin, Rositha Kuniyil, Haifeng Du, Wusheng Guo
An unprecedented B(C6F5)3-catalyzed cyclic carbonate editing approach is reported. DFT calculations detailed the reaction pathways and the origin of excellent stereoselectivity.
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Asymmetric defective site-triggered triple synergistic modulation in nanoconfined aerogel for superior electrochemical conversion of low-concentration nitrate into ammonia
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00830A, PaperKe Wang, Tong Zhao, Shiyu Zhang, Rupeng Wang, Meng Wang, Zixiang He, Shih-Hsin Ho
A synergistic strategy combining nanoconfinement with defect engineering is proposed to boost nitrate electroreduction via concentrating nitrate, enhancing nitrate adsorption, accelerating water dissociation, and suppressing hydrogen evolution.
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Platinum nanoparticle-doped recycled PLA filament for sustainable additive manufactured electrocatalytic architectures
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00851D, Paper
Open Access 
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Karen K. L. Augusto, Robert D. Crapnell, Elena Bernalte, Hayley G. Andrews, Orlando Fatibello-Filho, Craig E. BanksPt nps were produced on graphite flakes using an eco-friendly aqueous synthesis and no additional reagents/solvents. This was used to make a bespoke filament from recycled PLA and bio-based castor oil, using only 5 minutes of thermal mixing.
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Visible-light-driven photocatalytic depolymerization of post-consumer PET to terephthalic acid via cerium catalysis with batch-to-flow scalability
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01218J, CommunicationYujian Pang, Xiqun Wu, Zhijie Li, Jie Sun, Zhenjiang Li, Jiang-Kai Qiu, Jian Wang, Canliang Ma, Kai Guo
The first report of a cerium trichloride photocatalyst enabling ambient visible-light PET depolymerization in batch and microfluidic systems.
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Selective oxidation of glucose–galactose syrup to gluconic and galactonic acids
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01381J, Communication
Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Joseph Install, Anže Zupanc, Seonyeong Kim, Wenjia Wang, Marianna Kemell, George W. Huber, Timo RepoOxidation of Greek yoghurt acid whey derived GGS syrup to gluconic and galactonic acids with solubility driven separation provides a route to high value bioproducts from dairy waste.
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Switching between α-alkenylation and α-alkylation of nitriles by coupling multiple electrochemical methods
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01206F, CommunicationKai Li, Tong Li, Yupu Zhang, Hao Yang, Qi Sun, Zhiyong Wang
Switching between α-alkenylation and α-alkylation of nitriles was achieved by strategically coupling multiple electrochemical redox methods.
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Electrochemical selective incorporation of SO2 to synthesize fused-ring framework compounds
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01138H, PaperZhi-Long Lei, Dan Tan, Jin-Tao Qin, Xiu-Jin Meng, Fei-Hu Cui, Hai-Tao Tang, Ying-Ming Pan
This paper proposes a mild and effective electrochemical synthesis method. Through electrochemical oxidation and free radical cascade reactions, SO2 undergoes selective insertion, generating two different families of fused-ring framework compounds.
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Direct nitrile electrosynthesis from amino acids on nickel oxyhydroxide
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01194A, CommunicationXudong Liu, Zhe Chen, Tao Jiang, Wei Du, Can Lei, Xueting Cao, Shuangshuang Cha, Mengxin Qu, Xinchi Zhou, Ming Gong
A promising method of synthesizing functional nitriles from amino acids on α-Ni(OH)2 pre-catalysts through consecutive oxidative dehydrogenation and decarboxylation.
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Two-step continuous flow aerobic oxidation of cannabidiol to cannabinoquinone derivatives
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01304F, PaperManuel Zielke, Christof Aellig, Dominique M. Roberge, Christopher A. Hone, C. Oliver Kappe
A two-step continuous flow synthesis using molecular oxygen to prepare cannabidiol quinone derivative, Etrinabdione, under sustainable conditions is reported.
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Soft glass interphase engineering for ultra-stable aluminum metal batteries
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01118C, PaperShibin Zhang, Yan Xu, Danni Zhang, Lishun Bai, Yue Liu, Ying He, Feiyan Yu, Chengjun Liu, Sijie Li, Zhi Chang
An eco-friendly soft ZnP-H2Im glass protects Al metal by enabling uniform Al-ion transport and nucleation. Al-metal cells achieve >10 000 h of cycle life and retain 95% of their capacity after 200 cycles when assembled with organic cathodes.
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In situ amino–lignin production via biomass fractionation for high-efficacy CO2 capture
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00429B, Paper
Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Ruijie Wu, Caiyun Liu, Yongchao Zhang, Jiayun Xu, Andrey Pranovich, Jarl Hemming, Teija Tirri, Xiaoju Wang, Chunlin XuOne-pot reactive fractionation of biomasses using an aniline–formic acid solvent system produces high-purity cellulose and high-N-density aminated lignins. The obtained aminated lignin can serve as a valuable precursor for carbon capture.
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The synergistic effect of formate dehydrogenase and carbonic anhydrase accelerates the ethanol fermentation process and improves carbon recovery
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00705D, PaperYing He, Yimin Li, Jiaxin Liu, Liming Su, Cong Du, Wenjie Yuan
Schematic diagram of formate dehydrogenase and carbonic anhydrase in enhancing ethanol fermentation and carbon recovery.
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Computer-aided design of stability enhanced nicotinamide cofactor biomimetics for cell-free biocatalysis
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00351B, PaperAlexandra P. Platt, Heidi Klem, Sam J. B. Mallinson, Yannick J. Bomble, Robert S. Paton
We computationally expanded nicotinamide cofactor biomimetic chemical space for cell-free biosynthesis and uncovered key stability design principles using predictive modeling.
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Co-recovery of tungsten and lanthanum from photovoltaic tungsten-based busbars scrap by molten salt electrolysis
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00126A, PaperXiang Xue, Liwen Zhang, Qi Fang, Chunjia Liu, Shuijie Su, Xiaoli Xi, Zuoren Nie
Overall recycling of photovoltaic tungsten wires by molten salts electrolysis.
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Visible-light-induced selenium-mediated cascade cyclization of 2-isocyanobenzonitriles with secondary amines to access indole-fused polycyclics
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01245G, PaperDongping Xu, Lizhen Jin, Mengya Huang, Wu Zhang
Controllable synthesis of indolo[2,3-b]quinoxalines and imidazo[4,5-b]indoles was achieved through the cascade cyclization of 2-isocyanobenzonitriles with secondary amines. An intramolecular EDA complex triggered this photochemical radical process.
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Aerobic oxidation of a covalent organic framework facilitating photocatalytic CO2 reduction with water
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01528F, PaperJiangqi Ning, Qing Niu, Zheyuan Liu, Liuyi Li
Aerobic oxidation of the azine linkage in covalent organic frameworks yields highly reactive species, facilitating photocatalytic reduction of CO2 under aerobic conditions.
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Highly selective, catalyst-free CO2 reduction in strong acid without alkali cations by a mechanical energy-induced triboelectric plasma-electrolytic system
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC00977D, CommunicationHui Hu, Nannan Liu, Qinglong Ru, Wei Jiang, Yongcui Yang, Kailan Ma, Lixiang Meng, Zuliang Du, Bao Zhang, Gang Cheng
A mechanical energy-driven hybrid triboelectric plasma-electrochemical system in strong acids was constructed to trigger CO2 reduction at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without catalysts or alkali cations.
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Multidimensional metabolic engineering of Yarrowia lipolytica for highly efficient biosynthesis of betulinic acid
DOI: 10.1039/D5GC01276G, PaperXiaoyan Li, Liangcheng Jiao, Guowei Zhao, Yunchong Li, Yunjun Yan, Jinyong Yan
Yarrowia lipolytica was engineered for high-level betulinic acid production via modular pathway and organelle engineering, precursor and redox optimization, metabolic rewiring, and 3 L fermentation using cost-effective carbon sources.
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